Avaliação de protocolos para a internet das coisas em redes veiculares.

Abstract

Vehicular Networks are becoming more popular every day, being widely applied in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a variation of the Internet of Things (IoT) where its objects are automobiles. These networks are intended to provide communication between two or more vehicles, or between a vehicle and a road infrastructure, which can communicate with external networks. Thus, these networks propose to benefit their users through applications, which can be safety-related, such as collision avoidance, or non-safety-related, such as real-time traffic information. However, some rules must be met for this structure to be well implemented. As it is a network that needs the reception of information almost instantaneously, especially in safety-related applications, it needs extremely low latency and considerably high bandwidth. Furthermore, there needs to be interoperability between IoV devices and external IoT services, such as in infotainment applications. Therefore, it is necessary to study application-level solutions that enhance these services. Considering this problem, this work evaluates and compares specific application protocols for Vehicle Networks with general-purpose protocols used in IoT systems, to identify which ones can present positive results regarding connectivity and interoperability needs. This evaluation also investigates whether these protocols are suitable for use with mobile computing systems on the edge, considering specific scenarios for Vehicular Networks, such as the grouping of vehicle platooning, in addition to a simulation based on the city of Campina Grande. The evaluation results show that Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is viable for use in Vehicular Networks, enabling a communication delay within the expected range for these networks, and favoring interoperability with external services, such as in a streaming application.