PRESIDEU, R. I. G.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5564260431616210; PRESIDEU, Raissa Iane Góis.
Résumé:
Fire safety in Brazilian buildings, even though slowly, has been gaining prominence in recent
years mainly due to the various accidents and the destructive action of these episodes. In the
case of public hospital buildings, two critical points desserve to be highlighted: the lack of
maintenance or even lack of a fire safety project and the evacuation capacity of the public that
attend those places. Despite the existence of national and state norms on the subject, these are
overly prescriptive, not allowing professionals to create projects according to their knowledge,
even if adequate levels of fire safety are achieved. In this sense, some methods of risk analysis
have been gaining prominence in the international and national scenarios for enabling the study
of preventive measures against fire that can be applied in the buildings, besides the indication
of areas more susceptible to damages. The main objective of this work was to carry out a fire
risk analysis at the Center for Specialized Health Care and Education (CAESE) of the
Universitary Hospital Alcides Carneiro (HUAC). This analysis was elaborated from the
application of the Hospital Fire Risk Assessment Method (MARIH). For this, it was necessary
to survey the real situation of the building with regard to the elements of fire fighting by
applying a checklist. Subsequently, the establishment was divided into ten areas plus a neutral
area according to its occupation. In order to obtain the Fire Risk Evolution Index (ERI),
professionals contributed to the assignment of risk scores that ranged from 1 to 5. Finally,
solutions were presented to mitigate this risk. The obtained results indicated a Fire Risk
Evolution index that varied between important and high, a result that was already expected due
to the absence of adequate fire safety elements in the building. The method was acceptable for
the type of building studied, provided that local reality is taken into account, in order to avoid
mistaken conclusions. It was also verified that the use of risk analysis methods can help
professionals in the elaboration of fire safety projects, but does not dispense the consultation to
the norms of prevention and fire fighting.