Avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas de argamassas de revestimento produzidas com agregado polimérico.

Abstract

The Civil construction is an extremely important sector in society, as it represents one of the nation's development indexes. However, it presents itself as one of the largest consumers of raw materials, consumes about a third of the total resources consumed by society, in addition to being the sector responsible for producing more than half of the solid waste from all activities in society. So, with increasing environmental concerns, the search for alternative materials for civil construction in order to reduce costs, improve efficiency and produce little or no damage to the environment is imperative. Among the alternative materials with the potential to be incorporated into civil construction, there is PET (Ethylene Polyetherephthalate), a non-renewable oil derivative. The waste composed of this polymer takes about one hundred years to decompose, which has contributed to environmental degradation, with the pollution of rivers and oceans, in addition to generating imbalance in the interconnected chains, further reinforcing the importance of obtaining a new one destination for these tailings. In view of the above, this work aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of coating mortars produced with partial replacement of fine aggregate by polymer. Physical characterization tests were carried out on the aggregates, cement and polymer, and, after the study of the adopted trace, the cylindrical specimens were molded in the dimensions of 5 cm x 10 cm, with partial replacement of the fine aggregate by polymer in the contents of 5%, 10% and 15%, to determine the absorption of water by capillarity, bulk density and resistance to simple compression of the mortars under study. However, it was observed that in the fresh state the incorporation of PET contributed considerably to the improvement of the mortar consistency. In the hardened state, there was a reduction in both the bulk density and the capillarity absorption of the mortars as the amount of polymeric aggregates increased, while the resistance to simple compression increased, thanks to the smaller amount of water used and the better packaging of particles.