Sistema de informações geográficas aplicado na avaliação e aperfeiçoamento da distribuição dos hidrantes urbanos no município de Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

In the event of a fire, the fire brigade, when triggered, has the function of extinguishing the flames in the shortest possible time. The spread of fire in an uncontrolled manner can cause, in addition to the destruction of the structures, the loss of life. Thus, for an effective firefighting action, in order to overcome the accident, it is necessary to create more efficient means of protection. One of the alternatives is the adoption of prevention and coping measures, distributing the resources destined to urban fire safety in a planned manner. Hydrants are part of these preventive measures and when they are installed in strategic locations, it helps to quell the flames in a shorter time. In the city of Campina Grande, State of Paraíba, with 400,000 inhabitants, the existing fire hydrants were installed, mostly, in the central part of the city, with the most remote neighborhoods in the center, lacking this resource. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the system's spatialization and functioning, according to current regulations, supported by a geographic information system (GIS). To this end, surveys of characteristics of existing hydrants, treatment, creation of maps and georeferencing of data related to the location of hydrants distributed in the urban fabric of the city of Campina Grande-PB were carried out, based on the Qgis geographic information system. From the results, it was possible to observe that this distribution does not meet the criteria required by the current rule of the Military Fire Brigade of the State of Paraíba (CBMEPB). In addition, is observed a lack of equipment in much of the city, initially recommending repositioning the hydrants existing in the critical areas of the city of Campina Grande - PB. The survey carried out and the database created will be of great value to the members of the CBMEPB for planning fire-fighting strategies in the city of Campina Grande.