Análise de metodologias de cálculo de capacidade de carga aplicadas ao caso de fundações superficiais sobre solo reforçado.

Abstract

Shallow foundations are structural elements of widespread use in engineering. However, its use is limited to the availability of land and the conditions in which this soil presents itself. In view of these facts Thomé (1999) studied the use of carbide lime and heavy ash in the reinforcement of soil for the base of shallow foundations through plate tests with 0.30m in diameter in landfills with the material reinforced in layers of 0.15m, 0.30m and 0.60m. In order to evaluate the applicability of the method, it is necessary to analyze these results by comparing the predictions of the bearing capacity of these foundations using classical calculation methods such as those by Terzaghi (1943), methods applied to stratified soils such as: Purushothamaraj, Ramiah and Rao (1974) and Vesic (1975) Meyerhof and Hanna (1978) and the methods developed specifically for shoes seated on stabilized soil reinforcement: Foppa (2016) and Caballero (2019). This study allowed us to observe that the more the reinforcement increases its thickness, the greater the bearing capacity of the foundation resting on it. However, for the parameters of natural soil and reinforced soil studied by Thomé (1999), the predictions of load capacities according to the methods used showed little variation in resistance gain with the increase in the thickness of the reinforced layer. Even so, the methodologies of Vesic (1975) and Meyerhof and Hanna (1978) proved to be acceptable to the bearing capacity forecast because they presented lower values than the load tests of Thomé (1999) and predicted, although small, the increase of resistance as the reinforcement gains thickness. However, the methodology of Purushothamaraj, Ramiah and Rao presented values of 3.17, 1.58 and 1.30 times greater than the load tests of Thomé (1999), making its use impracticable, as it overestimates the bearing capacity of the soil reinforced. Likewise, the methods of Foppa (2016) and Caballero (2019) also showed inconsistencies in the prediction of bearing capacity as they were developed for a type of soil that does not fit the studied soil profile. Therefore, it is concluded that despite being widely used and used, the bearing capacity forecasting methodologies are still insufficient in considering all the factors that influence the increase in the resistance of soils that have been reinforced with cementing materials. To this end, it is still necessary to study the topic further and improve, as far as possible, the ways of predicting the bearing capacity in these soils.