Desenvolvimento de um índice para avaliação do desempenho do sistema de abastecimento de água de municípios do Agreste Paraibano.

Abstract

The main problems related to water are, mainly, a direct consequence of the poor management of resources, requiring the adoption of new rights, duties and actions related to the use of this finite utility. Over the years, the discussion of proper water management turned into one of the main subjects of urban planning. The use of performance indicators to assess water supply systems is one of the tools that help to mitigate this problem. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a water supply service performance index (IDSA) for small cities in the agreste region in Paraíba, Brazil, based on the analysis of a specific quantity of indicators. The studied cities are mentioned in the “Decentralized Execution Term 03/2019” signed between the National Health Foundation and the Federal University of Campina Grande. Those cities are: Areia, Bananeiras, Boa Vista, Caiçara, Casserengue, Esperança, Natuba, Pocinhos, Remígio, Riachão, Sertãozinho and Solânea. In this paper, twelve indicators were selected, distributed in the following categories: operationality, quality, infrastructural and financial, whose choice was based on the proposals of other known entities, availability of data and adaptation to the reality of the cities analysed. The stages of normalization, weighting and aggregation of these indicators were completed, in order to obtain the classification of the performance of each city from a nominal scale. The weighting step was based on the judgment of specialists in the subject, through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). As tools to support the analysis, processing and spatial distribution of data, Quantum GIS 3.16.1 and Excel software were used. Finally, the water supply service performance index was obtained. Of the overall cities, seven were classified as 'GOOD', three as 'REGULAR', one as 'GREAT' and one as ‘BAD’. The city with the best result was Caiçara, with an index of 82.27, Casserengue had the worst result, with an index of 37.61.