Avaliação das características físicas e químicas das águas de poços na cidade de São José de Piranhas - PB .

Abstract

Groundwater is an element of fundamental importance to meet human needs, but its use must be done consciously and cautiously. Contaminated or nonstandard water in relation to its physical and chemical properties may pose a risk to health and the environment. It is increasingly present the use of wells as an alternative for the supply of several locations in times of scarcity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical parameters: pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chlorides and hardness of the groundwater of tubular wells in the municipality of São José de Piranhas PB. use of these waters and awareness through the theme in the classroom, based on current legislation to evaluate the groundwater framework for human use. For this, the characterization of the wells from which the water was collected was carried out, to obtain information on the water uses, the depth and the time of drilling of the wells, as well as the regulation of such works, then the collection of the water samples were in the rural and urban areas, later taken for analysis in the chemistry laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) Cajazeiras campus. Awareness raising about the use of well water occurred as a way of speaking about the amount of water on the planet, availability of groundwater and water quality. The values related to the physical standards did not exceed the Maximum Allowed Values (VMP) for human consumption by CONAMA (National Environmental Council 357/2005 and Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 2,914 of 2011, respectively.The characterization of the wells, showed that only three wells, corresponding to 30%, are registered and half of the wells do not have a record proving water analysis. The analyzes of Total Dissolved Solids (STD) allowed to classify the waters of the wells under study as sweet or brackish. Regarding hardness, 70% were classified as hard. The quantification of Chlorides identified a sample above 250 mg / L, not being consideredas drinking relative to the physical and chemical parameters. The results after exposing the theme to the students of the second stage of elementary school at the Municipal School Antônio Lacerda Neto, indicate the importance of knowledge for the awareness of the importance of the analysis and conscious use of the water of the underground springs, considering the danger to the health and the environment the recurrent and irresponsible use of this resource.