Hipotermia no tratamento da lesão hipóxico-isquêmica cerebral neonatal: revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of mortality in newborns, is still the most important cause of encephalopathy and permanent brain damage in children. Knowing the serious sequelae generated from this disease, over the years there has been numerous studies done in an attempt to reverse or minimize the damage caused by hypoxic injury ischemic. In this scenario arises therapeutic hypothermia as a promising treatment. This study aims to identify, through scientific publications from the year 2004 to the year 20014, if hypothermia is effective in treating newborns with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. We opted for the method of integrative literature review, using the descriptors hypothermia, Induced; hypoxia, Brain; asphyxia neonatorum; The databases consulted were PubMed, LILACS and SciELo, from 2004 to July 2014 The results were obtained through the selection of 6 items, through careful and critical reading of the texts, then the organization of summary tables of data obtained. Studies have shown that hypothermia did not significantly alter mortality, but if the babies survive, have significantly lower odds of having severe neurodevelopmental disability at 18 months, an effect that seems to linger at 67 years of age. The findings should be carefully evaluated within the local reality, therefore, are necessary protocols and Brazilian clinical trials addressing hypothermia as a treatment for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury neonatal.