LIMA, S. R. A. A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0079081900219495; LIMA, Samara Rhúbia de Andrade Araújo.
Resumen:
Anthropogenic activities have led to the degradation of water bodies very rapidly. In
order to mitigate the effects of sewage disposal on the environment, many technologies
have been created, coupled with the rational use of natural resources. The objective of
this work was to develop a system of floating gardens and evaluate its efficiency as a
tool to aid in the revitalization of the “Laguinho” waters of the Federal University of
Campina Grande. The assembly of the system took place in two stages: in the first one,
5 large modules with bamboo support structure were developed; In the second, 5 small
modules with pallet support structure were created. In both steps coconut and
ornamental plants were used. After the installation of the gardens, the water quality was
monitored in relation to the removal of organic matter, by means of physicalchemical
analysis for the parameters of BOD, COD, DO, Temperature and TDS. The results
obtained in the analyzes were compared with experimental data prior to the implantation
of the system. Through investigations carried out around the “Laguinho” and
photographic records, possible sources of contribution of organic matter in the
“Laguinho” were identified, such as domestic and industrial releases of upstream
districts, effluent discharges from the university in the dam itself, infiltrations From
septic tanks and disposal of local animal waste. Pallet gardens were more successful
than bamboo, due to the smaller size and density, ease of maintenance, faster execution
of the modules, and less need for labor. The system proved to be efficient for the
parameters of BOD, COD and DO, especially in July and August, marked by frequent
rains and the implantation of pallet gardens. The system was inefficient for TDS due to
the lack of washing of the substrate prior to its implantation. When compared with
experimental results prior to the implantation of the floating gardens system, the results
obtained were better. For a better evaluation of the efficiency of the system, it is
suggested the implantation of new small modules, maximizing the effects of the system
and amplification of the physicalchemical analyzes of the "Laguinho" water in periods
of low precipitation.