Efeito do extrato da casca do Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart (Pereiro.) sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos de fêmeas ingurgitadas do Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari:Ixodidae) - um estudo in vitro.

Abstract

Ticks are ectoparasites prevalent in many land animals. In Brazil are distributed in various species, and the R. (Boophilus) microplus is a largely responsible for economic losses in animal production, primarily through the transmission of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina (protozoans that cause the Babesiosis) and of the bacteria Anaplasma marginale responsible by Anaplasmosis, this complex of diseases is known as tickborne disease (known as "Tristeza Parasitária" in Brazil), is characterized by a severe anemia as a result of destruction of red blood cells. Due to the inappropriate use of chemicals these parasites are becoming increasingly resistant, causing damage not only to animals and producers, as to the environment. The Herbal medicine is the oldest form of therapy, recent studies have shown that, in addition to being economically viable, show satisfactory results as to its effectiveness in combat of parasites. In this work we used the alcoholic extract of the bark of Aspidosperma piryfolium (Pereiro), alcohol and distilled water as control, the three groups of engorged females of R. (Boophilus) microplus, which were obtained randomly in cattle coming from the regions of Cariri and the Hinterland Paraiba. The effectiveness of the alcoholic extract of the bark of Aspidosperma piryfolium (Pereiro) in females ticks was analyzed by observing the following parameters: pre-laying period (PLP), laying period (LP), egg production index (EPI) and reproductive efficiency index (REI) using mathematical formulas according to Drummond et al. (1971). It was observed that the reproductive performance of the pre-laying period (PLP), laying period (LP) and reproductive efficiency index (REI) did not differ significantly (p <0.05), as to the egg production index (EPI) was statistically higher for the group of ticks treated by Aspidosperma piryfolium (Pereiro), and for the alcoholic extract of plant efficiency (EPE) on engorged females, the Aspidosperma piryfolium (Pereiro) was statistically superior (p <0.05). Through the methodology applied in this study, it was observed that the Aspidosperma piryfolium (Pereiro), had potential as low antiparasitic activity, but that does not stop to see as an economically viable alternative of cattle ticks, the R. (Boophilus) microplus, because there acceptable results in other studies.