PINTO, N. F. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7195609925373730; PINTO, Nedja Fernanda dos Santos.
Abstract:
Epidemiologic Survey of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Municipa lities of the Harsh of Paraiba: Partial data. Visceral leishmaniasis is a character zoonotic disease, infectious and chronic. In Brazil, it
is caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite called Leishmania infantum. The dog is the
main domestic reservoir. In Brazil, it is an important public health problem due to its
growing expansion. In recent decades, there was an increase of urban and peri-urban cases
in dogs, but have not been conducted serological surveys by control authorities. The
objective of this study was to evaluate risk factors for canine visceral leishmaniasis in rural
and urban areas of the municipalities of Aroeiras, Gado Bravo, Umbuzeiro and Natuba,
using serologic techniques authorized by the Ministry of Health and Ministry of
Agriculture Livestock and Supply. The diagnosis was made by ELISA S7®, ELISA / EIA
and DPP®. A questionnaire was applied to owners to identify possible risk factors.
Serologic frequencies observed in Aroeiras, Umbuzeiro, Bravo Cattle and Natuba were
13.27%, 11%, 18.81%, 13.84% respectively. The risk factors identified in the multivariate
analysis by multiple logistic regression were contact with other dogs (Odds ratio = 4.4506,
CI = 1.06 to 18.76%; p = 0.0420) and age (odds ratio = 1.9776; CI = 1.20 to 3.26%; p =
0.0075) in Umbuzeiro and Natuba, respectively. When the analysis was performed
covering all municipalities, significant predictors were education (odds ratio = 0.7828, CI
= 0.62 to 098%; p = 0.0362) and income (Odds ratio = 0.2508; CI% = 0.07 to 0.85; p =
0.0264). Those municipalities in Paraiba have a high frequency of CVL due to
predisposing environmental characteristics for maintaining the vector-parasite-host cycle.
Thus, due to the common socioeconomic characteristics to those municipalities, it is
recommended that public measures are taken to minimize the occurrence of risk factors
globally, that is, not particularizing by municipality. Additionally, it is suggested ELISA
test as a screening test in cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis.