Infecção por Leptospira spp., Herpesvírus equino tipo 1 (HVE-1) e Toxoplasma gondii e a sua relação com o aborto em éguas no Brasil: uma revisão.

Abstract

Leptospira spp., Equine Herpesvirus type 1 (HVE-1) and Toxoplasma gondii infection and their relationship with abortion in mares in Brazil: a review. Abortion in equines is a widely discussed theme in Brazil, due to its large herd and the economic impact abortion has on it. The abortions have different causes, be it infectious or not. This work aims to analyze the epidemiological of the most important infectious agents that cause abortion in equines in the country, them being: Leptospira spp.; Equid herpesvirus 1 (HVE-1) and Toxoplasma gondii. Understanding the epidemiology of these three diseases is primordial to achieve precise diagnosis of reproductive flaws in equine herds. Each agent represent unique epidemiologic peculiarities that help a better understanding on the transmission mechanisms of these diseases and thus allow the development of more efficient methods of diagnosis and control. One of the most successful control methods for these diseases, because they don’t require an obligatory report, base upon the realization of routine seroepidemiological survey to identificate the main infection outbreaks in the country, measures such as hygiene control on the facilities, avoid contact with other species of animals, for example, can avoid transmission of these agents and determine preventive measures for each disease. This work shows that all of the infectious agents listed above are present in the country and also in the Northeast region, and, with the correct control measures, there can be a better prevention method of these infections, reducing the occurrence of equine abortions on the country and thus considerably reducing economic loss.