Descrição anatômica e revisão da nomenclatura dos músculos e artérias do membro torácico da preguiça-comum (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825).

Abstract

Descrição anatômica e revisão da nomenclatura dos músculos e artérias do membro torácico da preguiça-comum (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825). The sloths are mammals of the order Xenarthra, suborder Pilosa, family Bradypodidae. They are found in the regions of Central and South America, are foliveral and arboreal animals, that move on the treetops, characterized, that have a type of arboreal quadrupedismo peculiar, with suspensory progression. As a result of their slowness in moving, they are subject to road accidents, where many die or suffer serious trauma. The objective of this study was to describe the muscles and main arteries of the thoracic limb of the common sloth (Bradypus variegatus) in order to guide animal health professionals in the clinical and surgical interventions of this species. Five common sloths (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825), two adults and three pups, were obtained from the Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba, where they were thawed and injected with natural latex, stained red, Common carotid artery and fixed in 10% formalin. In the dissection of the limb were found the muscles: M. supraspinatus; M. infraspinatus; M. deltoideus; M. teres major; M. subscapularis; M. coracobrachialis; M. brachialis; M. biceps brachii; M. triceps brachii; M. anconeus; M. tensor fasciae antebrachii; M. brachioradialis; M. supinator; M. pronator teres; M. pronator quadratus; M. extensor carpi radialis; M. extensor carpi ulnaris; M. extensor carpi obliquus; M. flexor carpi radialis; M. flexor carpiulnaris; M. extensor digitorum communis; M. extensor digitorum lateralis; M. palmaris longus; M. flexor digitorum superficialis; M. flexor digitorum profundus; M. extensor digitorum longus II; M. extensor digiti brevis II; M. extensor digiti IV; M. abductor digiti II; M. abductor digiti IV; M. palmaris brevis; Mm. interossei. As well as the arteries: arteria axillaris; arteria brachialis; arteria collateralis ulnaris; arteria ulnaris; arteria mediana; arteria radialis. In view of this, it was observed that some muscles had a great similarity with animals of their own order and with domestic mammals, but the most relevant characteristics resembled animals with arboreal and human habits, and the forearm and hand pronation and supination muscles are essential In its arboreal habits, so the sloth has all the pronator and supinator muscles. The arteries of the thoracic limb showed to be very peculiar in relation to some domestic mammals, but their main branches follow an anatomical pattern similar to the other species, although the presence of axillary and ulnar vascular plexuses in this species are not seen in the domestic species. With this, more studies on vascularization and musculature should be carried out, to update the literature, since in addition to the works of relevance, they come from old literature, with terms in disuse and outdated.