Doenças periodontais em felinos domésticos (Felis catus) - revisão de literatura.

Abstract

Periodontal diseases in domestic felines (Felis catus) - Literature review. With the increasing demand for dental care in veterinary medicine, it is necessary to engage veterinary clinicians more about how to proceed in such situations. Periodontal disease is the most common pathology in the small animal clinic, being more common in adult animals, but depending on the type of feeding and oral hygiene management, Younger animals. Being a chronicity problem, the periodontal affections are divided into stages; (Gingivitis), preceded or not by periodontitis, which is a more severe inflammatory process and which promotes the obliteration of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone being able to lead the animal to present: moving teeth, difficulty in chewing, Halitosis, dental calculus, tooth loss, pain, anorexia, inflammation and gingival bleeding. Periodontitis develops when teeth are exposed to organic food substrates that accumulate on the dental surface facilitating the development of bacteria that will interact with components of the animal's immune response. These bacteria are closely related to the mechanism of dental calculus that will trigger periodontitis. Hence the importance of classifying the degrees of impairment to be possible the correct management and treatment for the affected animals. The purpose of this literature review was to understand the importance of oral health in cats and to avoid periodontal disease. It is essential that veterinarians go deeper into this subject and instruct the owners about their responsibility to the oral health of their animals to avoid oral diseases and that they can cause systemic complications.