Prevalência de mastite subclínica em rebanhos leiteiros no município de Uiraúna - Estado da Paraíba

Abstract

Mastitis prevalence subclinical in dairy sheep in county Uiraúna - State of Paraíba.The objective of this study present a literature review on bovine mastitis and present a study of the incidence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in the city of Uiraúna - PB. Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by microorganisms and their toxins, physical trauma or chemical agents. Mastitis can be classified as infectious or environmental and as the form of manifestation in clinical and subclinical mastitis. About 80% of the losses in milk production is due to subclinical mastitis, where the affected mammary quarter have lower milk production rate compared to the healthy mammary quarter. Subclinical mastitis is to cause various microorganisms which the most important are Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae,Staphylococcus aureus,Corynebacterium bovis e Mycoplasma bovis. O most widely used diagnostic method for detecting the increase in somatic cells in milk, seen in subclinical mastitis, is the California Mastitis Tests. Subclinical mastitis should be treated the drying period. Prevention is the key to the control of mastitis in herds, using a suitable milking management, proper disinfection of milking equipment and control of environmental contamination.Proper nutritional management with adequate diet balance plays an important role in the prevention of subclinical mastitis with increased immunity cons cows infections. In the experimental study of the municipality of Uiraúna - CP 216 animals that were submitted to the CMT 82% (176/216) were negative and 18% (40/216) positive. The incidence of low rate of subclinical mastitis in animals was attributed to the use of the calf during milking for 90% (18/20) of the properties that were the subject of the study due to the fact of saliva contain antimicrobial substances. In 55% (11/20) of positive properties was obtained a mean value of 13.75% of infected animals. In 54% (6/11) of the positive properties the percentage of animals reagents to CMT exceeded 15%, satisfactory to the number of animals with subclinical mastitis in a property. In all the properties flaws were identified in the milking. The largest subclinical mastitis rates were identified in properties with mechanized milking without suckling calves, due to hygiene failures improper maintenance of utensils and milking. During the study it was observed that the producers were unaware of subclinical mastitis, the losses associated with this disease and their relationship with the occurrence of clinical mastitis, but most of the milkers, even where they were the owners, not showed receptive to the establishment of hygienic milking practices. You must intense educational work of producers to deploy in their properties hygienic milking practices.