Impactos nos corpos hídricos do Rio Gramame/PB: uma abordagem segundo o contexto da outorga dos direitos de uso da água.

Abstract

The current scenario of increasing global water demand makes us experience a process of socio-environmental changes, caused by an economic model and its aspects in which society requires more from the environment. This is due to the growing demand for the multiple uses of water, essential for various activities and, consequently, putting on the agenda the availability, quality and importance of water resources in hydrographic basins. In this sense, the present study aimed to analyze the water demand and the obtaining in the Gramame River Basin / PB. More specifically, seeking to identify users and demands according to the prioritization of normative use, in order to compare socio-environmental conflicts and grants granted in the period from 2018 to 2019. And contribute to the survey of the situation of water resources in the basin in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals. Thus monitoring the activities of demands and offers of water use, in view of the norms referring to water resources at the national and state level. For the development of the research, it was necessary to trace a methodological path, having as a starting point the bibliography, followed by the collection of data in official records provided by Organs managing. Making possible, thus, an analysis integrated to the general guidelines , to the users, and considering the fundamental peculiarities for the management of the basin. In this way, we conclude that the three uses with the highest number of requests for grants are irrigation, the industrial sector and public supply. In which industrial activity obtained the highest correlation with the socioenvironmental conflicts identified, due to incidents of dumping of water effluents. Evidencing that, in addition to the instrument for granting the right of use, it is necessary that the vulnerability to incidents be minimized by the competent bodies of the technical-operational sector, through inspection and preventive maintenance. Motivating the proposal of a guide of recommendations for improving the management and governance of the Gramame River Basin, in view of the permanent need for the sustainability of water resources.