Efeito das condições climáticas do Semi-Árido Nordestino sobre o comportamento fisiológico de caprinos mestiços F1 (Saanen X Boer) em sistema intensivo de criação.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of semi-arid climatic conditions on the physiological behavior of crossbred F1 goats (saanen xboer) in an intensive rearing system. The project was carried out at the Rural Health and Technology Center (CSTR), at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos campus, in the interior of Paraíba. Twenty-four animals, aged between three and four months, were used, 12 females and 12 males, weaned and dewormed, receiving water ad libidum, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2x2 factorial scheme (male and females, morning and afternoon). , with 12 repetitions, repeated in time. the internal environmental variables were obtained at 9:00 am and 3:00 pm, daily measuring the dry bulb temperature (TBS), wet bulb temperature (TBU), black globe temperature in the sun (TGN/SL) and temperature of the black globe in the shade (TGN/SB), calculating the index of temperature of the black globe and humidity in the sun (ITGN/SL) and in the shade (ITGU/SB) and the relative humidity of the air (RH). The maximum (TMAX) and minimum (TMIN) temperatures were measured daily at 9:00 am throughout the experimental period. The physiological parameters studied were: respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (TR) and surface temperature (TS), with measurements taken twice a day, twice a week. Except for the wet bulb temperature (TBU), the analysis of variance revealed a shift effect (P<0.05) for all environmental variables and for ITGU in sun and shade. both sexes had increases in the means of all physiological parameters (RR, HR, TS and TR) during the afternoon shift compared to the morning shift. However, the analysis of variance did not reveal any interaction between the factors studied, sex and shift. There was an effect (P<0.05) only for the shift for the HR and TR parameters, with the means of both in the afternoon shift exceeding those observed in the morning. The results obtained through the physiological and environmental variables studied allow us to conclude that the goats resulting from crosses of the Boer (paternal) and Saanen (maternal) breeds present good resistance to heat in the semi-arid in a confinement system, aiming to add value to dairy goats. in this region.