Habitar o mínimo: uma síntese sobre parâmetros de qualidade para a habitação social.

Abstract

The present work has as object of study the minimum dwelling, subject on which the work of many architects has been studied. The discussion of minimal space gained prominence with the Modern Movement by emphasizing ideas of rationalization of space that changed the way of living and living. At different times and contexts of history, several researchers established their conceptions about what would be considered a minimum level of housing quality, involving both physical and psychosocial issues. However, the minimum considered by the last national housing program promoted by the government, Minha Casa Minha Vida, is at odds with the different studies pointed out, since it presents superficial parameters that treat the housing issue as something quantitative, leaving qualitative issues aside. The objective of this study is to investigate quality parameters for social housing. In order to achieve this aim, an analysis of a collection of housing projects selected from a series of criteria concerning the theme of minimum housing was done, based on a methodology divided into bibliographical and documentary review, systematization and synthesis. The case studies were divided into international and national context and were able to point out, from comparative analyzes, indicators of quality parameters that were developed based on a synthesis of the relationship between the parameters proposed by two authors, Ferreira (2012) and Barros (2008). The parameters were understood in urban and architectural questions and could be subdivided into three scales: the housing complex, the building and the housing unit.