SILVA, S. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0697832792587182; SILVA, Silvanete Severino da.
Resumo:
The establishment of an agroforestry system based on the cultivation of aroeira, sabiá and
forage palm is a form of land use or management and when associated with wastewater can
recover degraded areas and provide socioeconomic and environmental benefits. The present
work was developed with the objective of evaluating the potential of an agroforestry system
irrigated with treated wastewater in the recovery of a degraded area in the northeastern semiarid.
The research was conducted at the administrative headquarters of the National Institute of
Semiarid, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, in a degraded area by the removal of horizons A and
B, whose physiographic region and Cariris Velhos have geographical coordinates of latitude
07º 27 'S, longitude 35 ° 95 'W and average altitude of 550 m, from 2015 to 2018. To determine
the chemical characteristics of the soil, the treatments were randomized blocks, and three
treatments (0.5 L of water) were evaluated. 0.5 and 1.0 L wastewater supplied in drip irrigation),
in two seasons (before and after two years of application of water treatments), with two depths
(015
and 1530
cm) and repetitions. Regarding growth and yield evaluation of forage palm
var. Mexican Elephant ear irrigated with treated wastewater, the irrigated water factor was
repeated as a function of three seasons (240, 300 and 360 days after planting). This same design
was evaluated in the second year of cultivation of the experiment after cutting the plants. In the
first and second year, the total plant height, length, width, perimeter and average thickness of
the cladode were evaluated and the production variables: plant dry mass, moisture content, plant
productivity and irrigated water productivity. The initial growth evaluation of the sabiá and
aroeira tree species was based on a factorial scheme with two factors (wastewater and plant age
with ten blocks), each experimental unit consisting of three plants. The irrigation water factor
was constituted by three levels weekly application in native plants of Caatinga (0,5 L of supply
water; 0,5 and 1,0 L wastewater). The age factor consisted of six levels (300, 420, 540, 660,
780 and 900 days after transplantation). The growth variables were evaluated: stem diameter
and plant height. It was found that the increase of the domestic effluent blade provided reduction
in Na, Ca and Mg content in the soil. Both 1.0 L and 0.5 L volume of wastewater reduce soil
carbon. The weekly drip of 0.5 L of wastewater per plant provided gains in the biometric
variables of the plants in relation to the application of water supply. There was an increase in
dry mass, water content, fresh mass and water yield in the second cut. The weekly drip of 0.5
L of domestic effluent provided greater height and stem diameter in the thrush and aroeira
compared to the drip of 0.5 L with water supply. The height and diameter of the stem plants of
the thrush and mastic plants grew linearly during the evaluated period.
