Utilização da hidroxiapatita, quitosana e células da medula óssea na regeneração de defeito provocado na metáfise femoral de coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Estudo clínico-cirúrgico, histológico e morfométrico.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of chitosan and hydroxyapatite isolated and associated with bone marrow cells in the bone defect in the femoral metaphysis of rabbits. The biomaterials were prepared by the laboratory of Materials Engineering UFCG. We used 20 adult rabbits, New Zeland, from a farm located in the city of Campina Grande - PB, which were divided into four groups according with member operated and location of the implants, they were the Group chitosan (QUI ), chitosan group associated with bone marrow (QUIMO), Group hydroxyapatite (HA), hydroxyapatite group associated with bone marrow (HAMO). The animals were randomly divided according with two experimental moments, where 10 animals were euthanized 30 days after surgery, 10 and euthanized 60 days after surgery. The materials were inserted, surgically, in defects in the proximal (MP) and distal (MD) of each femur, so that the chitosan was introduced in the MP and MD hydroxyapatite in the left limb and right limb was added in addition to spinal implants marrow. The animals were evaluated ambulation, pain behavior and healing of the wound. Clinical evolution of animals proceeded normally, without presence of infection or point dehiscence, occurring healing in all surgical wounds in the first 10 days post-operatively. Histological analysis showed that the groups were statistically QUI and QUIMO more effective than HA and HAMO groups, not being statistically different groups QUI and QUIMO, concluding that the latter more pronounced reactions stimulated and accelerated bone healing.