FREITAS, W. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1332228897695472; FREITAS, Wellington da Silva.
Resumo:
The use of native species with ornamental potential is a current trend in
landscaping. This, in turn, plays a fundamental role in the urban environment,
being responsible for providing numerous ecological and social benefits, which
contribute significantly to improving the quality of the environment and the well-
being of the population. However, adequate landscape planning has still been
neglected in most Brazilian cities. In this sense, environmental perception helps in
understanding the interrelationships between man and the environment, thus
contributing to the planning and maintenance of urban landscaping. Based on this
context, the objective was to describe the species of the caatinga biome present in
the municipality of Cuité-PB, in which aesthetic elements appropriate for
landscaping stand out, in addition to carrying out a survey of the floristic diversity
of urban afforestation in the municipalities of Nova Floresta and Cuite – PB.
Finally, to analyze the environmental perception of the residents about the local
afforestation, in order to provide subsidies for the elaboration of future projects in
environmental education that contribute to the development of conservation
actions aimed at the use of native species of the Caatinga with ornamental
potential. To this end, analyzes of data from the UFCG-CES herbarium and field
incursions were carried out to identify the species, in which the shape, symmetry,
structure, texture and color of the structures of greater ornamental value were
analyzed. As for the floristic diversity of urban afforestation in the municipalities
of Nova Floresta and Cuité-PB, data obtained through on-site observations of the
species and the environmental perception of the residents of the focus cities were
made through semi-structured forms, complemented by free interviews. From the
analysis, 50 species with enormous ornamental potential for various uses and
landscape effects were described. In the survey carried out in urban areas, 372
species were identified, distributed in 16 botanical families. In addition, 30
residents of the focus cities were interviewed. Of these, 63% are men and 37%
women, aged between 19 and 80 years. A total of 46.67% of respondents showed
to be aware of the meaning and importance of afforestation, 10% highlighted the
reduction of heat as the main benefits of afforestation. Part of the interviewees
managed to identify the tree(s) planted in front of the residence, however, many
are not aware of the origin of the species. Residents indicated native species of the
Caatinga for afforestation in the city of Cuité-PB, highlighting Tabebuia
impetiginosa Mart. - Ipê - purple, and the Spondias tuberosa Arruda - umbuzeiro,
and the fruit species among other exotic plants unsuitable for use in Landscaping.
It is concluded that there is a need to encourage the use of native species of the
Caatinga Biome in landscape projects, whose potential is still undervalued and the
need for Environmental Education projects in the city of Cuité-PB, which aim to
inform the population about the benefits of afforestation, focusing on the
valorization and conservation of native species of the Caatinga with ornamental
potential.