SOUZA, A. N.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8643635921904257; SOUZA, Ariele Nascimento.
Abstract:
Introduction: Abdominal wound dehiscence is a common complication in postoperative
patients, which interferes with the wound healing process, making it more time-consuming and
requiring clinical or surgical intervention. Objectives: to review scientific evidence on the main
prevention and management care in cases of surgical wound dehiscence in patients undergoing
abdominal surgery. Methodology: this is an integrative literature review, with a qualitative
approach. The search was carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (BVS),
Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Scientific
Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Science Direct/Embase. Descriptors in English were
used: Surgical wound dehiscence and Postoperative period, connected by the Boolean operator
“AND”. As inclusion criteria, the articles should have been published in the last ten years, in
Portuguese, English and Spanish, addressing the topic of surgical wound dehiscence in patients
undergoing abdominal surgery. A total of 31 scientific articles were included in the sample.
Results: studies of different types and populations were analyzed.
Thus, the articles were categorized as follows: Category I – Measures to prevent abdominal
dehiscence: controlling risk factors; Category II – Measures for the treatment of abdominal
dehiscence: Subcategory 1 – Management with Negative Pressure Therapy (NPT) alone or
combined with special dressings; Subcategory 2 – Management with covers that promote
protection, absorption and drainage; Subcategory 3 – Management with the use of meshes,
resutures and antibiotics; and Category III – Prevention and treatment of dehiscence:
perioperative guidelines. Conclusion: it is necessary to provide guidelines for prevention
during the preoperative period and to encourage self-care. There is no evidence indicating a
standard wound dressing for dehiscence.