Alterações clínico-patológicas e laboratoriais em cães com leptospirose: revisão de literatura.

Abstract

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution caused by the spirochete Leptospira which can affect humans, wildlife, domestic animals and rodents. The objective of the work, by literature review, understand the renal and hepatic alterations due to leptospirosis in dogs correlating the values obtained from the serum biochemistry, urinalysis and serology; and thus obtaining the defitinivo diagnosis of the disease. Areas with poor sanitation, inappropriate infrastructure, decimation of forests, tropical climate and high rainfall are factors that provide greater prevalence of the disease. The mouse is the primary spreader Leptospira in the environment by eliminating the intermittent period. It can be directly transmitted through contact with the urine, venereum contact, biting or eating infected tissues, as well as indirectly by exposure to water and soil. The infection is characterized by a period of leptospiremia and other leptospirúria, highlighting that the agent induces many nonspecific clinical signs. Jaundice, dehydration, petechiae, fever and clinical manifestations associated with uremic syndrome are some of the observed signals. It mainly affects the kidney and liver, resulting in acute or chronic failure, according to the infecting serotype infection. High concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and phosphorus are common indicators to aid the diagnosis of leptospirosis in dogs; low concentrations of albumin, plasma proteins, glucose, sodium and calcium also represent important for the diagnosis. By urinalysis, records the presence of bilirubin, granular casts, erythrocytes, glucose and protein are important findings that associated with serological microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are the above diagnosis of disease. Given the above, it is important to include Leptospira infection in the differential diagnosis in animals showing signs of liver and kidney changes. glucose and protein are important findings that associated with serological microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are the above diagnosis of disease. Given the above, it is important to include Leptospira infection in the differential diagnosis in animals showing signs of liver and kidney changes. glucose and protein are important findings that associated with serological microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are the above diagnosis of disease. Given the above, it is important to include Leptospira infection in the differential diagnosis in animals showing signs of liver and kidney changes.