Complicações obstétricas em cabras e ovelhas atendidas no HV/CSTR/UFCG durante o período de 2008 a 2018.

Abstract

It is known that goat and sheep farms have grown in recent years, in particular in the Northeast, but reproductive management practices remain precarious. Therefore, obstetric complications are intertwined, encompassing affections that occur with economic losses. The objective of this study was to identify the types of obstetric complications in goats and sheep treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, to evaluate the main risk factors and determine the treatments and their effectiveness. In order to obtain the data, a consultation was made with the registry book of the Medical and Surgical Clinic of Large Animals of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, to identify the clinical records of goat and ovine females with obstetric complications performed during from January 2008 to December 2018. According to the survey, 2,626 ruminants were taken during the study period, of which 988 (38%) goats and 669 (27%) sheep. Of the total goats and sheep attended, 65 (6.6%) and 62 (9.3%) respectively, were diagnosed with obstetric complications. The dystocias represented the largest number of cases in goats, followed by sheep with 30 (48.3%) cases. Other obstetric complications were diagnosed and 33.9% (22/65) in goats and 51.7% (32/62) in sheep. Among these, uterine and vaginal prolapse were more frequent with eight cases in goats (12.3 %) and 25 (40.3%) in the sheep. Of the 127 animals affected with obstetric complications, 40 (31.4%) were non-SRD-defined goats and 37 (29.1%) SRD ovine females, the majority of cases occurring in females aged six months to two years, where 22 (17.3%) were goats and 27 (21.6%) sheep. The main management system found in these goats and sheep was semi-extensive with 28 (22%) and 33 (26%), respectively. The period of greatest occurrence occurred in the dry season with 34 (27%) cases in goats and 42 (33%) sheep. Of the 73 female goats and sheep with dystocia 29 (40%) and 16 (22%) were submitted to cesarean section, respectively, while 10 (14%) goats and nine (12.3%) sheep were submitted to obstetric maneuver. In this study, 22 (30.1%) female goats and 13 (18%) female sheep arrived for clinical / surgical care after 24 to 72 hours with dystocia, thus implicated in treatment efficiency and high in 30 (41.1%) goats and 22 (30.1%) sheep, but there were still a considerable number of deaths in which 11 (15.1%) goats and seven (10%) sheep. Among the main risk factors for occurrence of obstetric complications in our region we can mention the age of females, the period of greatest occurrence was the driest season, comprised from June to November in the Sertão Paraibano and semi-extensive management. This study correlated the prevalence identified with the literature to identify the major risk factors involved in the vulnerability of goat and ovine females to reproductive disorders.