Uso de medicamentos por portadores de esquizofrenia: um estudo no componente especializado da assistência farmacêutica.

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness of multifactorial etiology. The development of Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in the Unified Health System (SUS) made it possible to improve access to medicines by the population. Pharmaceutical Assistance is organized into Basic, Specialized and Strategic components. The Specialized Component is responsible for assisting patients who meet the inclusion criteria of Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines (PCDT). Schizophrenic patients have access to the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Assistance and may be more vulnerable in stressful situations, such as the social isolation caused by the pandemic. The objective of this study was to characterize the use of medication by patients with schizophrenia treated at the 4th Regional Health Management of the state of Paraíba. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the medical records of patients from the Specialized Center for the Dispensing of Exceptional Medicines (CEDMEX). Demographic and health data recorded by the HORUS system and in physical processes referring to the period before the pandemic and the pandemic period (2021) were used. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, which were presented through measures of absolute and relative central tendency. When analyzing data from 280 patients, 54% were male and 46% female, with a predominant age group between 30 and 39 years and more than 30% of patients were obese. The most used drugs were olanzapine, risperidone and quetiapine, respectively. An increase in the number of patients was identified, as well as an increase in the dosage and/or addition of an association between the drugs in the period from October 2012 to December 2021. It was possible to characterize this specific group of patients, highlighting the importance of the distribution of these medicines by the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Assistance, promoting access and control of this treatment.