Crescimento de faveleira (Cnidosculus quercifolius Pohl.) em co-produto de vermiculita sob fertilização orgânica e química.

Abstract

Faveleira (Cnidosculus quercifolius Pohl.) growth on vermiculite co-product under organic and chemical fertilization. The Mining is an important industrial activity, since it has caused a big advance in the world economy with its search. Despite of the importance of this practice, on the other hand, it causes environmental impacts in the explored areas. Vermiculite is an ore which has a big commercial value, as it‟s used in civil construction, agriculture and industry, however the extractive activity of this material has caused a considerable amount of co-product (rejected) in caatinga areas. The utilization of vermiculite co-product as a substratum would be a way to minimize the environmental impact caused by this ore. This current work has as its goal to evaluate the initial growth of faveleira which is cultivated in a substratum of vermiculite co-product which is associated organic fertilization (bovine manure) and chemical (phosphate fertiliation). The experiment was conducted in the Forest Greenhouse from the Academic Uniti of the Forest Engireeing in UFCG, in the period from August to December 2012. The experimental delineation used was the DIC, which is composed by five crescent doses of bovine manure (0-10-20-30-40%) and four doses of phosphorus (0, 100, 200 and 300), with four repetition each treatment, and four vases with conventional substratum (clay + manure in proportion of 2:1), totalizing in 84 vases. To statistical analysis, it was used polynomial regression test the bovine manure doses, the comparative effect of organic matter doses and conventional substratum was applied Tukey test at 5% of probability. Every two weeks, data were collected: leaf number, diameter, height. At the end of the experiment, it was obtained: leaf area, fresh mass of the aerial part, root fresh mass, fresh mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the aerial part and the dry mass of the root. The chemical fertilization with phosphorus promoted significant development in seedlings of faveleira in its initial phase. The application of 40% of bovine manure associated to the co-product of the vermiculite mining showed efficiency to promote the improvement ot the quality of faveleira seedlings The use of vermiculite coproduct is recommended with the bovine manure as substratum for seedlings production of faveleira.