Insegurança alimentar: análise entre famílias residentes de um município de pequeno porte no interior da Paraíba nos anos de 2011, 2014 e 2019.

Abstract

In Brazil, Food Insecurity (FI) affects several people, being the population in the rural area of ​​the north and northeast of Brazil most exposed. The goal of this study is to analyze the FI situation of families residing in the urban region and in the municipality of Cuité in Paraíba in the years 2011, 2014 and 2019. a cross-sectional study and analysis in three different moments of time, whose baseline was carried out in 2011 and the follow-up took place in 2014 and 2019. The 14-item Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) was used together with a descriptive questionnaire of the studied population. For analysis of data was used Microsoft Access and Stata 13.0 software. and a analysis related to housing area (rural and urban). In the first follow-up, AI prevalence decreased (-17.6%) while in the second this decrease was only +3.1% families living in the rural area of ​​the municipality were more exposed to AI, especially in moderate and severe forms of AI. Among the reasons that can lead families to AI, the most cited were “I am indebted and without credits to buy food” in 2011 and “lack of production of enough food for consumption” in 2014 and 2019. The prevalence of AI in the Brazil has been increasing in recent years, and the rural population of northeastern Brazil remains the most affected population. There are several reasons that can lead families to this situation, but the dismantling of public policies related to Food Security (SA) contributed to the increase in this number. In this way, it is necessary to implement SA policies that protect those most vulnerable to hunger.