Consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados: estudo longitudinal da frequência alimentar entre residentes da Zona Rural do município de Cuité.

Abstract

Healthy eating consists of the consumption of adequate foods in quantity and qualities as part of our eating habits, it is possible to understand eating habits from the frequency at which this consumption is carried out, thus, this study seeks to carry out a retrospective longitudinal analysis of food frequency of head of household residents in the rural area of the municipality of Cuité from a subsample of a cohort study, originating from a larger study entitled: Food and Nutritional Security in a small municipality: a longitudinal analysis of public policies and the situation of food insecurity of the population (SAN CUITÉ). Objective: To analyze the frequency of consumption of ultra-processed foods in a cohort of individuals residing in the rural area of the municipality of Cuité/PB in the years 2011, 2014 and 2019; as well as describing their socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics, characterizing the frequency of consumption and comparing this frequency between the years of consumption. Methodology: This is a longitudinal retrospective cohort study where the data presented originate from the research entitled: Food and Nutritional Security in a small municipality: a longitudinal analysis of public policies and the food insecurity situation of the population (SAN

CUITÉ ), which aims to analyze, in a subsample of participants, the food consumption of ultra- processed foods in the three stages of the study (2011, 2014, 2019). The analysis focuses on the

frequency of food consumption of the head of household representatives who participated in the study during the three years, residents of the rural area of Cuité/PB, Results: The study shows the majority of the percentage of female heads of household, with low schooling, decrease in the employment rate and, on the other hand, a significant departure of families from the poverty line, in terms of consumption, there is a gradual increase over the years in relation to the consumption of ultra-processed foods such as cookies, industrialized juice and sausage products. Discussion: The consumption of ultra-processed foods has grown more and more in this region, the determinants for this frequency are related to access, price, cultural and social issues. The work is able to demonstrate how the freedom with which large companies are able to expand their products and the lack of financial incentive for the small product impacts the food consumption of rural residents of the municipality of Cuité/PB over the years.