Índices visuais indicadores de maturação e colheita da semente de Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith.

Abstract

Visual indices indicative of seed maturation and harvest of Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith. The Amburana cearensis (Cumaru) is a tree of the family Leguminosae Papilionoidea, suitable for use wood, homemade medicine, ornamental plant, forest restoration, agroforestry system, honey, forage among others. The study focused on the proper time to collect seeds Amburana cearensis (Allem.) A. C. Smith, using indicators such as fruit color, moisture content, seed size and weight of dry seed, aiming at the description of the stages of fruit and seed development for the characterization of physiological maturity. In August 2008 began the collection of fruits at the town of Malta - PB and led to the seed laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande. At each harvest were evaluated: the fruit color, moisture, fresh, dried, deteriorated seeds, seed germination and percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings. The experiment was a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds. The results revealed that, in the fifth week (54 DAA), the stage prior to fruit dehiscence presented with apex dark brown and wrinkled, and stained with black seeds. It was recorded at this point, water content was approximately 49% for fruits and seeds. The seeds at the ideal point of collection with 54 DAA showed germination (hypocotyl issue) of 94% 3% 1% abnormal seedlings and dead seeds. In this study we recommend the collection of fruits with dark brown and wrinkled apex at 54 DAA, as high loss after 65 DAA, because the dispersed seeds.