Gesso e rejeitos de mineração na correção de um solo salino-sódico e no crescimento inicial do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg.).

Abstract

Gypsum and mining tailings in the correction of a saline-sodic soil and in the initial growth of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg.). Soil degradation by excess of salts generates environmental and socioeconomic problems. To recover of these areas there is a need to apply correctives. On the other hand the amount of mining waste causes big environmental problems, whose waste products can to be used as agricultural lime. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the agricultural gypsum and vermiculite tailings and kaolin rejects doses on the chemical attributes of a saline-sodic soil and the growing the passion fruit tree. Soil samples were collected at random points in the Irrigated Perimeter of Sumé in the layer between 0-30 cm deep. After being dried, sieved and crumblrd, the soils were placed in pots with their treatments. The experiment was arranged in a factorial 2 x 2 x 5, two types of compounds (vermiculite tailings +manure in the ratio 1:1 and kaolin waste + cattle manure in the ratio 1:1 vv). Presence (100 NG) and absence of gypsum and 5 doses of compounds (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% v: v) with three replications, totaling 60 vessels with a capacity of 9L. After 20 days of incubation, they had 7 washes every two days, collecting the eluted solution for pH analysis, electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium (Na) after the last wash soil samples were collected for the same analyzes. We kept two plants in each pot evaluating the length, diameter, number of leaves, leaf area and dry weight of shoot and root dry mass. There were reduced concentrations of sodium in eluted solution, EC and pH increase with the succession of washes. The soil analysis revealed that after washing the gypsum reduced pH, increased the EC, the compound kaolin-manure increased the EC, and the doses of the compounds reduced the EC and Na +. In plant analysis the gypsum increased plant height, leaf area, dry weight of shoot and root dry mass. The vermiculite-compost manure increased height, diameter, leaf area, dry weight of shoot and root dry mass and increased doses of the all variables that were studied.