ASSIS, F. R. V.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2488286309033293; ASSIS, Fellipe Ragner Vicente de.
Résumé:
The SIG's are a great tool for deployment of towers for fire detection, they allow the
manipulation of large volumes of information. In this sense the objective of this study
was to identify and generate a map of risk of forest fires, use this information to
identify the ideal locations for deployment of watchtowers against wildfires and
ultimately evaluate the potential of GIS (IDRISI Andes v . 15.0) for the proposed
methodology. The study was conducted in the watershed of the Saco River in the city
of Santa Luzia - PB. We used the IDRISI Andes software (Version 15.0) and
AutoCAD 2010, 2005 GLS satellite images from Landsat-5, sensor TM and ETM,
ResourceSat, sensor "LIS3" and Digital Elevation Model ASTER GDEM project. The
plans were generated maps of slope, land use and vegetation cover, orientation of
slopes, altitude, temperature, precipitation and potential fire hazard, which was
correlated with the dimensions of higher altitude and proximity to roads for allocation
of the towers. The results showed that the three classes of higher risk of fires, when
added their coverage areas totaled 5863.1 ha (61.64%), with the area of high
potential risk of fire. Now with regard to the lease of the towers, the tower 1 (T1)
provided greater viewing (41.2%) of the areas of high risk, very high and extreme on
the other towers individually. Already dealing with two towers simultaneous
combination with the highest viewing area was T1 + T5 (74.9%), with a gain of 20%
compared to the deployment of T1 only. The results reflect successful methodology
in determining the ideal locations for installation of watchtowers against forest fires,
satisfactorily meeting the proposed objectives, allowing the indication of the
methodological procedures adopted in other areas of the semiarid region of
northeastern Brazil with characteristics similar to the physiographic area evaluated
this research. The use of GIS was satisfactory, since their routines were able to
meet, quickly need in all procedures required for the job.