Aplicação da terapia fotodinâmica na desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares.

Abstract

The variety and complexity of internal dental anatomy allows microrganisms and tissue remnants persist in dentinal tubules , accessory canals , isthmuses and apical deltas, thus hindering the elimination by the instrumentation and intracanal medication. In this context, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is emerging as a new therapy adjunct to endodontic treatment in an attempt to eliminate persistent microrganisms to chemical-mechanical preparation. A literature search on the antimicrobial activity of photodynamic therapy in the root canal system, textbooks , national and international periodicals available in PubMed , Lilacs , SciELO data in the period 2003 to 2013 was performed. In PDT, the radiation used is of low intensity with low power protocols near to 100mW. Among the studies, the wavelength range from 685nm to 625nm. Regarding photosensitizers (FS), it is observed that a significant proportion of the studies using the methylene blue and toluidine blue with times ranging from pre-irradiation of 1 to 5 minutes. These observations generate the reflection that the use of PDT is a promising therapy to be associated with endodontic treatment . In the past 3 years, it can be verified the setting of the use of laser light with red wavelength , the use of Methylene Blue and Toluidine Blue as photosensitizers of choice, although still present in varying concentrations literature. However, factors such as power, energy, time, preirradiation and irradiation of laser light are still with wide variations.