http://lattes.cnpq.br/8433192540142514; TAVARES, Jeremias Lucas.
Resumo:
This research aims at analyzing the subtitles of the TV series Pose (2018), from English into
Brazilian Portuguese, regarding inclusive subtitles that incorporate inclusive language, which
is an alternative to gender binarism in grammatical inflections in view of its contextual
specificities and gender issues. Thus, the specific objectives are: i. To identify the inclusive
subtitles and its linguistic and grammatical characteristics in light of Audiovisual Translation;
ii. To categorize the situational aspects of narrative in which the subtitles are used; iii. To
observe subtitle-image relation as a factor for the construction of meaning. The theoretical
framework is formed by: 1) Translation Studies, based on Bassnett (1998), Rosa (2001),
Cintas e Remael (2007), Cintas and Anderman (2009), Skuggevik (2009) and Meo (2010); 2)
Gender and sexuality, considering Butler (1990; 1993), Ehrlich (2004), Chamberlain (2004
[1988]), Franco and Cervera (2006), and Snell-Hornby (2006); and 3) Inclusive language,
based on Moita Lopes (2013) and Mäder (2015). This research involves data compilation
from the TV series Pose, resulting on a multimodal corpus constituted by videos, images
(with inclusive subtitle in Brazilian Portuguese – target text) and intralingual subtitles in
English (source text). Source and target texts are also organized in a parallel configuration.
For data compilation, the program Bandicam was used, allowing image and video capturing.
Data was compiled from the eight episodes of the first season of the series, which were
available in the streaming apps FX Premium e NOW. The data compilation was divided into
five parts: 1) appreciation of the audiovisual product; 2) observation of scenes looking for
occurrences of inclusive language; 3) capture of video of the scenes that present inclusive
subtitles; 4) capture of the static image with the inclusive subtitles in the frame; 5) written
register of source texts. 131 videos and 195 images were compiled altogether, based on the
use of inclusive language as a criterion for selection. 58 expressions which neutralize
grammatical gender were identified, representing an alternative for the male-female binarism.
The three categories of analysis are established based on the three specific objectives of the
research: 1) Linguistic and grammatical characteristics; 2) Situational aspects of the narrative;
3) Subtitle-image relation. The analysis of the first category has shown that 86% of the
expressions compiled were neutralized exclusively using the vowel ‘e’ as grammatical gender
ending. The other 14% of the expressions had other types of adaptations besides the use of ‘e’
to gender inflection. In these occurrences, other letters were added for the words to be
neutralized, such as ‘l’, which appears to be an influence from Spanish, and ‘q’, which was
used to maintain the sound of words. Besides that, two occurrences, minhe and super heroínes, were neutralized from the female form, probably for phonetic adequacy as well. The
inclusive language was used in three narrative situations on the TV show: 1) in reference to
gender heterogeneous groups (77%); 2) in generalizations (14%); and 3) in reference to
professions (9%). Some of the date demonstrates a lack of concordance between image and
subtitles concerning the use of inclusive language. In conclusion, the inclusive language
emerges as a way of rethinking language through gender issues. Therefore, the inclusive
subtitles represent an identity affirmation and a gender deconstruction and problematization
politic in Brazilian Portuguese. Besides that, the TV show’s subtitles also represent a choice
from the subtitling professional, related to Pose’s context of production and distribution. The
inclusive subtitles add significance to the series, since all of the audiovisual product’s
semiotic channels are assimilated simultaneously. Thereby, the inclusive language on the
subtitles provides an even more political and social context, which problematizes the TV
show, Brazilian Portuguese and the relations of gender in society.