Avaliação das propriedades físicas, mecânicas e microestruturais do concreto incorporado com borracha de pneus.

Abstract

The construction sector, although it is one of the sectors that most exploits natural resources in its production process, also presents one of the greatest potential for the use of various residues from the industry, by incorporating these residues as inputs of new materials, thus enabling viable alternatives in economic and sustainable terms. The Concrete, in all its most diverse compositions, is one of the most consumed materials in the world, in charge of providing the buildings stability and specific characteristics of resistance and workability. The study of the incorporation of industrial waste as a material to be added to the concrete mass is fundamental in the construction industry, as it encourages the reuse and correct disposal of the substrates, it explores the various possibilities of integration between segments and the productive chains, being possible, through tests, to find new compositions with comparable performance or even superior to those already existing on the construction sector. The rubber from useless tires is among the waste most significant in volume and environmental impact produced for by industry. In these ways, this research aimed to evaluate the performance of the concrete incorporated with waste generated in the production of tires. For this, the cylindrical specimens were molded in the 10cm x 20cm dimensions with partial replacement of the small aggregate by percents of 10% and 20% of rubber from tires. Physical and mechanical tests of the residue, conventional aggregates and cement and the physical, mechanical and microstructural characterization of the concrete incorporated to the rubber residue were held out through tests of resistance to axial compression, tensile strength by diametrical compression, absorption, apparent specific mass, and scanning electron microscopy. It was observed that the substitution of the conventional small aggregate with contents of 10% and 20% of tire rubber residue promoted the reduction of the mechanical properties of the concrete and elevation of the absorption, making its use unviable for structural purposes, however, the results obtained allow their use for diverse purposes, such as means wires, sidewalks, sealing blocks and bicycle paths.