Gerenciamento da demanda de água de uso residencial na cidade de Campina Grande.

Abstract

The access to water is one of the biggest problems that the world is facing today, which is getting worse, especially in urban centers. With the urban population growth and the increasing human activities water demands, the efficient use of this resource becomes even more important. In semi-arid regions, water availability is very low and the risk of crisis is high. Located in the northeastern semi-arid region, the city of Campina Grande - PB is currently facing the biggest water crisis in its history, triggered by a six-year drought that hit the region. In this context, the present work aims to present measures of urban water demand management so that its use brings greater sustainability to the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir, which is the only one responsible for supplying the city. The research was carried out based on the definition of the per capita consumption of two residential districts of the city - one of lower class and one of upper class - and projecting the reductions in urban water consumption obtained by the adoption of adequate demand management measures to the socioeconomic situation of each neighborhood. There was an increase in consumption for the city with the end of rationing and the values of consumption reductions with the adoption of rainwater harvesting for the neighborhood of Araxá and saving appliances and water reuse for the neighborhood of Mirante. The obtained results can drive the decision-making in relation on the most effective measures for the city.