Avaliação dos desastres naturais no Estado da Paraíba entre 2010 e 2020.

Abstract

Disaster is treated as a result of adverse events, natural or man-made. The numbers of natural disasters have been growing more and more in the Brazilian territory, being mostly caused by the lack or excess of water. The Northeast region is the most affected by this problem and in the State of Paraíba there are droughts, droughts, floods, marine erosion and windstorms. These natural events, common to the State, started to cause damage to the population of Paraíba, insofar as there are confirmed records. Based on this situation, the present work aimed to evaluate records of disasters and damages related to occurrences in files and database of the Ministry of Regional Development, in the Integrated System of Information on Disasters and in the Ministry of National Integration and National Secretariat of Civil Defense, to the State of Paraíba from 2011 to 2020. The main types of disasters identified were floods, droughts and marine erosion. From 2011 to 2020, 14,732,491 people in Paraíba were impacted by the drought. Between the years 2010 to 2020, 84 cases of flooding were observed. Over 10 years, two occurrences of marine erosion were recorded, one in 2014 and the other in 2016. During the period studied, there was no occurrence of windstorm or cyclone. During the analyzed period, it is concluded that the most present natural disaster is the drought and drought, that is, due to the study area being located in a semi-arid region with a specific climate. As for the damage caused, all three phenomena that occurred brought financial losses to the population, being that of marine erosion, which had the largest number of people impacted.