Diagnóstico do solo e desenvolvimento inicial do pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) em áreas degradadas.

Abstract

Among the practices that degrade the environment-soil in semiarid we can give as example the deforestation of the Caatinga, removal of the surface layer (soil stripping) where one of the destinations is the ceramics industry and pottery. So, the present study aimed to make the diagnosis of soil attributes that characterize their degradation, and propose corrective and observe the early development of the jatropha on degraded soils in semiarid of Paraiba. The soil was collected from 0-30 cm depth characterized physically and chemically. The treatments consisted of degraded soils: degraded subsoil 1 (SD1), degraded saline subsoil 2 (SDS2) and Caatinga deforested area (ACD) with four levels of phosphorus (00, 100, 200, 300 mg kg-1 P), and three replications. We also added witnesses absolute, without treatment with phosphorus, corresponding to uncorrected salinized soil (SSNC), non-degraded soil 1 (snd1), non-degraded soil salt 2 (SNDS2) and not cleared Caatinga area (ACND) with 3 replications, totaling 48 vessels with a capacity of 7 liters of soil. The degraded soil by salts received correction with gypsum, and were incubated for 15 days then washed. In seeding were used 4 seeds per pot. The results showed that the analysis of degraded subsoil revealed high salinity and low phosphorus and organic matter, however, the basements in the semiarid have extremely different intensity degradation. The degraded subsoil saline requires correction with plaster to make possible the cultivation of jatropha and initially we recommended the cultivation of jatropha in Caatinga deforested and degraded semiarid basements.