Avaliação dos impactos ambientais provocados pela mineração de brita no Sítio Mata dos Galdinos, São João do Rio do Peixe-PB.

Abstract

Mining is of significant economic importance to the economy world. However, the environmental impacts caused by this activity reach high levels of degradation in the air, water, soil and subsoil that affect the balance of fauna, flora and the sanitary conditions of human communities that live near the mined areas. To better understand the impacts caused by the extraction of ores, the present research aimed to analyze the mining of crushed stone at Sítio Mata dos Galdinos, located in the municipality of São João do Rio do Peixe-PB, in its multiple aspects. This work was developed based on an extensive survey of information obtained through the techniques of documental, bibliographic research and unsystematic observation with mining companies and technical visits. Based on the information collected, it was possible to generate an interaction matrix that crosses biophysical and economic data to measure the intensity of environmental impacts. For a better understanding of the crushed stone mining process, a survey was also made of the mining techniques used and the existence of instruments for environmental control and recovery of the area degraded by the activity was verified. Through the present research, it was possible to conclude that the quarry causes environmental impacts, thus modifying the extraction and surrounding areas, both affected by soil destruction, atmospheric, noise, visual pollution, as well as the quality of life of the local population. It was not possible to detect the company “Brita already”, legally responsible for the quarry, it has an Environmental Control Plan (PCA) and a Degraded Area Recovery Plan (PRAD), which basically include projects and measures to mitigate and control environmental impacts (positive and negative) arising from the operation of the enterprise, as they were not provided by the company. It was found in locu that no mitigating and compensatory measures for the negative impacts in the study area were carried out.