Impacto sobre o consumo hídrico e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico dos municípios de Baixio, Ipaumirim e Umari – CE, após a integração Barragem Jenipapeiro II no sistema de abastecimento.

Abstract

Water is a fundamental resource for carrying out human activities, and it is extremely important to improve the efficiency of its uses, especially in regions that have water scarcity, to guarantee this good in quantity and quality for current and future generations. This work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the impacts on water consumption and the socioeconomic development of the municipalities of Baixio, Ipaumirim and Umari-CE, after the integration of the Jenipapeiro II reservoir in the Water Supply System of these locations. The methodology was configured as a quantitative and qualitative research, composed of the delimitation of the area and period of study, of data collection and estimation of indicators, from the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs, and based on the yearbooks of the Institute Research and Economic Strategy of Ceará, IPCE. The seven indicators used in the research were: Per capita water consumption; Number of active water connections; Number of grants; Demographic and Economic Indicators; Support Infrastructure Indicators; Social Indicators and Physiographic, Land and Agricultural Indicators. The historical series analyzed comprised the years 2014 and 2020, with the center of the analysis being the year 2017, the year of implementation of the Jenipapeiro II reservoir. With the results obtained, it was identified that the indicators of water consumption per capita, number of active water connections and number of grants had a critical situation until the integration of the reservoir in the Supply System. But with the supply of water that the reservoir generated, mainly from 2018 onwards, due to the increase in rainfall, the municipalities supplied by Jenipapeiro II were able to increase these water supply indicators, but it was not possible to achieve the purposes of the ODS 6. The results of the socioeconomic development indicators did not follow, in all components, the same growth trend found in the water indicators, possibly due to the analysis of these indicators, acquired in the IPECE yearbooks, having been limited until the year 2018. The three municipalities they remained in all the years analyzed, in Class 3 and 4. These classes are related to the situation of little development and lower levels of development of the municipalities in the state of Ceará, respectively. With the exception of Ipaumirim in 2018, which migrated to class 2 in the social indicator result. It is concluded that there is an intrinsic relationship between the supply of water from the Jenipapeiro II reservoir, with a growth trend in the improvement of the water supply indicators analyzed, but studies related to economic and social development indicators are still necessary, with a view on the management and management of the use of water from the reservoir, to assist in the elaboration of strategies and interventions for the effective efficiency of water use.