Eficácia da batata de purga (Operculina macrocarpa (L) Urb.) incorporada a blocos multinutricionais sobre nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos.

Abstract

This thesis consists of three scientific articles. In the first chapter it was aimed to assess the acute experimental toxicity with the extract, and the sub-chronic toxicity of the bran of Operculina macrocarpa in mice. The intraperitoneal administration in single-dose of the O. macrocarpa extract was carried out in six groups of 12 animals and the control in the doses of 1230, 970, 700, 350, 120, 30 mg/kg and distilled water (0.1 ml/kg) respectively. The sub-chronic doses of 1230, 700, 30 mg/kg/day and satellite (1230 mg/kg/day) were administered orally in the feed to five groups of 10 animals. In the study of the acute toxicity there were deaths in the higher doses and with toxic signs which affect the CNS, being identified the LD50 of 270 mg/kg. In the sub-chronic study there were no significant alterations in the assessed parameters. These results indicate that the bran administered orally in the feed is less toxic and relatively safer. The second chapter assessed the efficacy of the purge-potato (O. macrocarpa) incorporated to the multinutritional blocks (MBs) on gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. The work was carried out according with a completely randomized design, with four treatments and six repetitions of a single animal. The treatments were: T1 = only MBs; T2 = MBs + purgepotato (1g/kg/live weight); T3 = MBs + purge-potato (0.5g/Kg/lw) and T4 = MBs + chemical anthelmintic. The daily and final weight gains showed to be higher for the treatments MBs with purge-potato 1g/Kg/lw, 0.5g/Kg/lw and chemical with ADWG=56.7; 38.3; 53.8g and TWG=3.4; 2.3; 3.1kg respectively. As well as for the EPG which decreased at seven days with 767, 516, 267 and efficacy of 53, 68 and 84% respectively. In the feces culture were identified two genus with a greater prevalence of the Haemonchus sp.. The treatments with the addition of purge-potato (O. macrocarpa) may be used to reduce the levels of global infection of the parasites. The third chapter aimed to assess the physiorganic response of sheep fed with MBs containing purge-potato (O. macrocarpa) to helmitical infections. 24 sheep, naturally infected by gastrointestinal nematodes were used. The studied treatments were: T1 = only MBs; T2 = MBs + purgepotato (1g/Kg/live weight); T3 = MBs + purge-potato (0.5g/Kg/lw) and T4 = MBs + chemical anthelmintic. The values for the hematological and biochemical parameters despite discreet elevations or reductions maintained most of the time within the reference values for sheep. It is concluded that the purge-potato (O. macrocarpa) added to the MBs in the doses and period study did no cause physiorganic responses characteristic of toxicity.