Ação de fungos nematófagos sobre helmintos gastrintestinais de pequenos ruminantes no Semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract

This thesis consists of three papers. In the first chapter, it was evaluated the coadministration of Duddingtonia. flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium in controlling young and adult sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. Were used 32 sheep, divided into two experimental groups (Fungi and Control), each group was divided into two subgroups (Adult and Young). For six months the Fungi group received pellets 3g/ 10 kg b.w. twice a week. Control group received 3g of pellets without fungus/ 10 kg b.w. We observed a reduction of 76% in EPG of Fungi - Adults subgroup and 83% in the Fungi - Young subgroup. The second chapter evaluated the action of D. flagrans associated with Levamisole 5 % in controlling sheep gastrointestinal nematodiosis. Were used 18 sheep, formed three groups: group 1 received pellets 3g/ 10 kg b.w., twice a week, for six months and a deworming with Levamisole Hydrochloride 5% of each EPG ≥ 1500 (Fungus + Chemical); in group 2, each animal received a deworming when presented EPG ≥ 1500 (Chemical); and in group 3, each animal received 3g/ 10 kg b.w. of pellets without fungus (Control) . At day 180, the EPG mean of Fungus + Chemical group was 480, Chemical was 1320 and Control was 2340. The Fungus + Chemical group required less deworming (p< 0.05), showed better PCV values and smaller numbers of L3/ kg D.M. The third chapter aimed to evaluate the use of D. flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of feedlot goats. Were used 12 Saanen goats, four months old. The animals were divided into two groups: group 1, each animal received 3g of pellets/ 10 kg b.w., twice a week, during four months (D. flagrans); group 2, each animal received 3 g of pellets without fungi/ 10 kg b.w. (Control). We observed low EPG levels in D. flagrans group throughout the experiment, with a significant difference (p<0.05) from day 30. D. flagrans group had better mean weight gain and highest PCV rates. It was concluded that both the association of M. thaumasium and D. flagrans, the use of D. flagrans and Levamisole Hydrochloride 5%, as the use of D. flagrans in feedlot animals were effective in controlling the gastrointestinal nematodiosis of small ruminants in semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil.