ASSIS, T. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0470013909871027; ASSIS, Tales Santos.
Resumo:
This paper reports plant poisonings in ruminants and horses, diagnosed between
2000 and 2007, in the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory at the Federal University of
Campina Grande, in the city of Patos, state of Paraíba. In cattle, 7.4% of the diseases
diagnosed were caused by poisonous plants. Outbreaks were caused by Centhraterum
brachylepis (1), Brachiaria spp. (1), Crotalaria retusa (2), Ipomoea batatas (1),
Marsdenia sp. (1), grass containing nitrites (3 outbreaks, 1 by Echinochloa polystachya
and 2 by Pennisetum purpureum), Palicourea aeneofusca (1), Prosopis juliflora (3),
Nerium oleander (1), and Mimosa tenuiflora (7). In sheep, 13% of the diseases
diagnosed were caused by toxic plants. Four outbreaks were caused by Ipomoea
asarifolia, 3 by Brachiaria spp., 2 by Crotalaria retusa, 2 by Tephrosia cinerea, 1 by
Panicum dichotomiflorum, 1 by Mascagnia rigida, and 20 by Mimosa tenuiflora. In
goats, 6.4% of the diseases were caused by toxic plants. Seven outbreaks were caused
by Mimosa tenuiflora, 1 by Ipomoea asarifolia, 1 by Ipomoea carnea, 1 by Ipomoea
riedelli, 3 by Prosopis juliflora, 1 by Arrabidaea coralline, 2 by Aspidosperma
pyrifolium, and 2 by Turbina cordata. In horses, 14% of the diagnosed diseases were
due to plants poisonings including 12 outbreaks caused by Crotalaria retusa and one by
Turbina cordata. Annual losses in the state of Paraíba by deaths of livestock are estimated in 3,895 cattle, 8,374 sheep, 6,390 goats, and 366 horses. Epidemiologic,
clinical and pathologic aspects of poisonings by Crotalaria retusa in cattle, Brachiaria
spp. in sheep, Prosopis juliflora in cattle and goats, Nerium oleander in cattle, Opuntia
fícus-indica in goats, and Turbina cordata in horses and goats are reported.