Cortisolemia e glicemia em cadelas: estresse de adaptação e analgesia trans e pós-operatória com metadona ou morfina.

Abstract

Aiming to evaluate the cortisolemia and glycemia in female dogs, this dissertation consists of two chapters. The first is a study evaluating the level of stress in female dogs during seven days of period of adaptation. The second is a comparative study of the trans- and postoperative analgesia promoted by methadone or morphine, for epidural route, in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. In the first article ten female dogs were used. To evaluate clinically the stress we developed a Compound Score of Stress. Blood samples were collected for determination of cortisol and glucose. Heart and respiratory rate, rectal temperature, systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures were measured. There was a gradual decrease in cortisol, however, statistically, only 132 and 156 hours after the animals arrive at the shelter the cortisol differed significantly from baseline. Six days were enough for the female dogs adapt to a new environment. In the second study 16 female dogs, divided into two groups were used. In the animals of the MET group, methadone was administered (0.3 mg/kg) and in the MORF group, morphine (0.1 mg/kg), epidural. It was measured the same variables that in the first study, in addition to blood collection for measurement of cortisol and glucose in trans- and postoperative periods. We evaluated the degree of analgesia by specification of the numeric scale. During the entire surgical procedure was observed bradypnoea and rectal temperature decreased in both groups. In the MORF group the cortisol increased at the time of clamping of the ovarian pedicles, compared to baseline. Three hours after surgery, the serum cortisol increased in the MET group compared to baseline and MORF group. Cortisol remained elevated up to 12 hours and normalized to 24 hours after surgery in both groups. Analgesia was classified as severe in both groups throughout the postoperative period. It is concluded that morphine has greater efficacy when compared with methadone in the immediate postoperative period. It can be concluded that measurement of cortisol proved to be an appropriate and useful parameter in the evaluation of stress and pain, as well as being effective in comparing between drugs, but blood glucose could not be considered a good indicator of stress and pain.