MATOS, R. A. T.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6598439491869506; MATOS, Rodrigo Antônio Torres.
Résumé:
This paper aimed to review the main national and international studies on the occurrence
and prevalence of Methicillin- resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in companion animals and in
farm animals and to assess the resistance profile of 114 Staphylococcus isolated from
clinical infections. The Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in veterinary
medicine. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged in recent decades as a
nosocomial pathogen and as a cause of veterinary medicine infections. In animals, MRSA
have been isolated in several species, mainly of domestic animals, which are considered as
a reservoir of this pathogen, in addition to being a source of infection to humans. There has
been a significant increase in the number of studies on MRSA in veterinary medicine in
various countries. The methicillin resistance can occur in both negative coagulase
Staphylococcus as for positive coagulase Staphylococcus. The phenomenon of
antimicrobial resistance demonstrated by species of Staphylococcus spp. in animals is
considered a major problem in veterinary medicine.The following assessments were made
in the present study: resistance profile using the disc diffusion method, production of betalactamases
and detection of mecA gene by PCR of 114 Staphycoccus spp. isolated from
companion animals and farm animals treated at the veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil.
The highest rates of resistance to the assessed drugs were as follows: penicillin (70.18%)
and ampicillin (67.54%). In the test for detection of beta-lactamase enzyme 60 (52.63%)
positive Staphylococci were detected. The mecA gene was diagnosed in 17 (14.91%) of the
isolates, being two dogs, one cat and fourteen bovine. The results allowed concluding that
resistance to penicillin and ampicillin is high in the assessed Staphylococci, and that the
production of beta- lactamase was considered the main mechanism of resistance of these
microorganisms. Despite the low occurrence of the mecA gene in this study, constant
monitoring in strains isolated from domestic animals is needed.