MEDEIROS, L. K. G.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1812721121278713; MEDEIROS, Lylian Karlla Gomes de.
Resumo:
Aiming to evaluate the microbiological study of bitches undergoing
ovariohysterectomy this dissertation consists of two chapters. The first is a study
evaluating the effect of prior bathing, shaving and antisepsis in reducing contamination
of the surgical site, as well as the antiseptic efficiency of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate
and 1% polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine. The second it is a clinical and microbiological
study of bitches with pyometra. In the first chapter, 20 healthy bitches, alocated
randomly into 2 groups of 10 animals: Group I underwent bath 24 hours before surgery,
whereas Group II did not undergo this procedure. Many bacterial genera have been
isolated before and after use of antiseptics. Statistical significance was observed
between the groups regarding the effect of bath prior to surgery, just two hours after
application of chlorhexidine. Shaving reduced 26.48% of the microbial load in Group I
and increased the microbial load in 41.19% in Group II, showing statistical difference.
After the use of antiseptics, there was no statistical difference between the groups at any
time. Similarly, comparison of the efficiency of the bath with or without antiseptic
showed no statistical significance. The iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone caused allergic
reaction in 15% of animals and was not observed skin irritation caused by
chlorhexidine. We conclude that the prior bath is effective in reducing bacterial load just
after 2 hours of antisepsis with chlorhexidine; shaving is more effective in reducing
microbial when the animal is subjected to the bath and the two antiseptic agents are
equally effective in surgical antisepsis or for up to 2 hours the animal did not take a bath
or prior to surgery. In the second study 35 bitches suffering from pyometra were used.
The average age of the animals was 5.88 years, and mongrel bitches were the most
affected (62.86%). The death rate was 5.71%. Vaginal discharge (71.43%), inappetence
(42.86%), apathy (22.86%) and bloating (20%) had clinical signs presented more
frequently. Leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia,
hyperproteinemia and elevated C-reactive protein levels and alkaline phosphatase were
laboratory abnormalities observed. The bacteria Escherichia coli was found in the
larger number of samples (34.29%). Norfloxacin (60.42%), imipenem (52.08%) and
gentamicin (50%) were the most effective antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria and
neomycin (88.89%), gentamicin (84.13%) and norfloxacin (79.37%) to gram-positive. The β-lactamases of extended-spectrum survey was conducted in all isolates of E. coli,
Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca and it was found that the average
positivity by disk approximation test and by the E-test was 80.56% and 44.44%
respectively, indicating that some bacteria that cause pyometra are producing ESBL.