Mastite caprina e deficiência de vitamina E e selênio em ovinos na Paraíba.

Abstract

Infectious and metabolic diseases of small ruminants are major obstacles to sustainable production, mainly in northeast. Among these diseases, we can highlight the mastitis, mainly in dairy herds and vitamin E deficiency and Selenium, affecting mainly the slaughter of animals. This work was divided into two chapters. The first was submitted to the Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciencecharacterizing the clinical and epidemiological aspects of goat mastitis in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. In the subclinical mastitis, the correlation with the CMT with isolation microbial, the identification of pathogens, the age of increased susceptibility to infection, the persistence of this during lactation and in sensitivity tests to drugs was evaluated in vitro. A total of 1990 samples of milk was subjected to the CMT, microbial isolation, bacterioscopic examination and identification tests. The CMT had a weak correlation with the microbial isolation. Were identified 12.41% of mammary infections and 248 bacterial isolates with a predominance of Staphylococcus spp.. In cases of clinical mastitis were collected 85 milk samples, which resulted in 34 isolates with a predominance of Staphylococcus spp. (44.11%) and Trueperella pyogenes (23,52%). The highest resistance rates in subclinical mastitis were to penicillin (62.61%), tetracycline (23.53%) and oxacillin (19.75%); in clinical mastitis have the greatest resistance to penicillin (40%) and oxacillin (13.33%). The second paper was submitted to the journal Rural Science, where a deficiency of vitamin E and selenium outbreak in sheep raised on pasture in the wild country of Paraíba was reported in the municipality of Queimadas. We performed clinical examination of patients and an animal that was dying, was euthanized and necropsied. The findings in skeletal muscles are compatible with the characteristics observed in the nutritional myopathy, characterized by necrosis and calcification of myofibrils. Was verified necrotizing vasculitis in hepatic arterioles and hepatocellular coagulation necrosis of hepatocytes, probably triggered by lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. Therapeutic measures were taken with adequate mineral supplementation for the sheep that clinical improvement of the animals that did not show even permanent sternal recumbency. It is extremely important the study of infectious diseases in the northeast and minerals, as these are a limiting factor in the creation in small ruminants.