VIEIRA, M. C. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9347255638699992; VIEIRA, Maria Clara de Sousa.
Résumé:
Throughout Brazilian history, it is notorious that the issues related to basic sanitation
have received more emphasis and support in urbanized areas. This is because the
heterogeneity of the rural environment makes it necessary to apply particular
techniques of intervention in basic sanitation. Thus, there is a high deficit in the
coverage of access to adequate sanitation infrastructure among the population
residing in rural areas of the country. In this context, the present work aimed to
diagnose the situation in which the residents of the rural community Casa Forte,
located in the municipality of Pombal - PB, live under three aspects of basic sanitation:
water supply, sewage and solid waste management, as well as to characterize the
attendance and deficit of access to these services. To this end, a survey of primary
data was conducted through site visits, observation and note-taking, as well as
photographic records and obtaining secondary data, for which official municipal and
federal agencies were consulted. The sanitation services were characterized by
interpreting the results obtained, based on the classification adopted by the Plano
Nacional de Saneamento Básico - PLANSAB (National Basic Sanitation Plan), which
classifies the sanitation services as adequate or with deficit (precarious service or no
service). From the results, it was found that the Casa Forte community, as well as most
of the rural communities in Brazil, does not have adequate sanitation services.
Moreover, it was found that the poor conditions of final disposal of effluents and rural
solid waste, through the use of rudimentary cesspools and the burning of waste,
respectively, leads to a series of environmental and health problems, making the local
residents vulnerable. Finally, it was concluded that there is an urgent need to
implement improvements in the system of water supply, sewage and solid waste
management not only in the aforementioned community, but throughout the rural area
of the municipality of Pombal - PB