Levantamento epidemiológico de patógenos de importância em saúde única em cães atendidos em clínicas veterinárias de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract

The contact between humans and pets has intensified more and more, which may pose an imminent risk in the transmission of zoonoses. These diseases usually have a strong social and environmental component, so that multisystem and multidisciplinary approaches are necessary to reduce their occurrence. In this context, the objective of this thesis, which consisted of three chapters, was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira sp., Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. A total of 384 dogs were used from 34 veterinary clinics from April 2015 to May 2016. The prevalence of 11.7%, 9.63%, 1.5%, 2.8% and 1.5% for Leptospira sp., Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi respectively. For the infection by Leptospira sp., the risk factors age from 49 to 72 months (odds ratio = 2.74), age > 72 months (odds ratio = 3.22), and monthly cleaning of the environment (odds ratio = 10.70). for T. gondii the risk factors for access to the streets (OR = 4.60; 95% CI = 1.74-12.20) and environments close to forested areas (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.32-5.93).; Access to the street (OR = 4.81; 95% CI -18.75 = 1.23) was identified as a risk factor associated with infection by Leishmania spp.. No risk factors for N. caninum and T. cruzi were identified. It is concluded that dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, are exposed to infections Leptospira sp., T. gondii, N. caninum, Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi, determined by serology, and it is suggested to conduct control measures based on the correction of identified risk factors.