TANIKAWA, A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938888813811020; TANIKAWA, Atticcus.
Abstract:
This thesis consists of three chapters that address epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial,
and alternative methods of diagnosis of trypanosomatids in dogs from the Paraíba
hinterland. The objective of this study was to identify the situation of Chagas disease in
the Paraíba hinterland by assessing the potentiality of the Patos mesoregion through
entomological indicators through a retrospective study in the Patos microregion
between the periods of 2009 and 2015. At the same time it was identified The plasma
concentrations of haptoglobin, C reactive protein and ceruloplasmin in dogs naturally
infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp, as well as to determine their
possible correlations with hematological and serum biochemical variables. For chagasic
dogs, anemia, thrombocytopenia, were the significant variables (p <0.05) in the
hemogram. In the biochemical evaluation, hyperproteinemia, hyperglobunemia and
inversion of the albumin / globulin ratio (p <0.05) were recorded. Serum concentrations
of haptoglobin (p = 0.04) and c-reactive protein (p = 0.001) were significantly higher in
dogs with Trypanosoma cruzi than in the control group, with a correlation between
haptoglobin and anemia (r= -0.6641). In contrast, dogs naturally infected with
Leishmania spp presented a significant difference between the means of the groups only
for haptoglobin between the Leishmania General Group (GLG) (p≤ 0.0001) and the
Control Group (CG). When analyzing the groups Leishmania Asymptomatic (GLA) and
Group Leishmania Symptomatic (GLS) separately from GLG, there was statistical
association between Hpt for GLA (p = 0.0089) and GLS (p = 0.0238), whereas PCR
Exclusively for the GLA (p = 0.0047). Normocytic normochromic anemia,
thrombocytopenia, were the significant variables (p <0.05) in the hemogram for the
GLG group. In the biochemical evaluation, hyperproteinemia, hyperglobunemia and
inversion of the albumin / globulin ratio (p <0.05) were recorded. In the correlation
analysis there was statistical significance between haptoglobin and anemia (r = -
0.2832). According to the entomological indicators, the species that presented the
highest frequency of capture were Triatoma brasiliensis totaling 3934 specimens
(54.8%), followed respectively by Triatoma pseudomaculata 2957 specimens (41.2%),
Panstrongylus lutzi 171 specimens (2.4%), Rhodnius neglectus 48 specimens (0.7%),
Rhodnius nasutus 46 specimens (0.6%), Triatoma petrochiae 17 specimens (0.2%) and
Panstrongylus megistus 4 specimens (0.1%). According to the data obtained, dogs
naturally infected with Leishmania spp and Trypanosoma cruzi without clinical
symptoms showed significant values of haptoglobin and c-reactive protein, mainly in
the anemic patients acting as auxiliary tools in the evaluation of morbidity and diagnosis
in regions presenting Infection rates for both trypanosomatids such as the Patos
microregion. It is also concluded that this region presents a higher triatomic dispersion
rate in peridomiciliary environments that have low rates of natural infection, which does
not rule out the need. Of the attention of the competent organs with the vectorial
potential of infectivity for T.cruzi in intradomiciliary ecotypes in the studied region.