Estudo clínico da reticuloesplenite traumática e hérnia reticular diafragmática em bovinos com foco na ultrassonografia.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic, and pathological findings of 30 adult cattle diagnosed with traumatic reticulo splenitis and five adult cattle diagnosed with diaphragmatic reticular hernia attended et the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. All cattle underwent clinical and ultrasound examinations. Blood samples were collected from all animals, into siliconized vacutainer tubes containing EDTA anticoagulant (10%) to determine hematological variables (blood count, total plasma protein, and plasma fibrinogen). Cattle whose prognosis was unfavorable were euthanized and necropsied. Clinical, ultrasound, and anatomopathological findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics and laboratory data were evaluated using mean and standard deviation. Clinically the animals diagnosed with traumatic reticulo splenitis presented dehydration and alterations in behavior, appetite, and ruminal motility. Hematological findings revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis (37,077cell/μL) with regenerative left shift and hiperfibrinogenemia (1,130mg/dL). The ultrasound examination enabled visualization of fibrin adhesions, displacement of the reticulum and irregularity in its contour, in addition alterations in the quantity, pattern, and amplitude of reticular contractions. It also allowed to find splenic alterations such as abscesses, splenic venous thrombosis and spleen bowed. Cattle affected with diaphragmatic reticular hernia exhibited varying degrees of dehydration, abdominal distension, tympania and changes in ruminal motility. In addition to cardiorespiratory changes such as heart murmur, dyspnea, and muffling of lung sounds. Laboratory examination revealed mild neutrophilic leukocytosis and hyperfibrinogenemia. And the ultrasound images revealed reticulum inside the thoracic cavity near the lung and heart, but no reticular motility was observed. The anatomopathological lesions confirmed the imaging findings for both diseases. Given the results we found that the ultrasound examination was effective for the diagnosis of reticulum traumatic splenitis and diaphragmatic reticular hernia.